What is the term for creating a new organism using the DNA from an existing individual?

What is the term for creating a new organism using the DNA from an existing individual?

• A. Gene editing
• B. Whole organism cloning
• C. Transgenic organisms
• D. Electroporation

Answer: (B)

Creating a new organism using the DNA from an existing individual is known as whole organism cloning. This process involves taking the genetic material from a donor organism and using it to create a genetically identical copy, or clone. One of the most famous examples of this technique is the cloning of Dolly the sheep, where a somatic cell was taken from an adult sheep and fused with an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed. This resulted in the development of a new organism with the same DNA as the original donor. Gene editing, on the other hand, refers to techniques that alter specific genes within an organism’s genome, rather than creating a whole new organism. Transgenic organisms involve the incorporation of genes from one species into another, thereby introducing new genetic material rather than cloning the organism itself. Electroporation is a lab technique used to introduce DNA into cells by creating temporary pores in the cell membrane, but it does not relate to the creation of new organisms in the context of cloning. Therefore, whole organism cloning is the precise term that fits the description provided in the question.

Creating a new organism using the DNA from an existing individual is known as whole organism cloning. This process involves taking the genetic material from a donor organism and using it to create a genetically identical copy, or clone. One of the most famous examples of this technique is the cloning of Dolly the sheep, where a somatic cell was taken from an adult sheep and fused with an egg cell from which the nucleus had been removed. This resulted in the development of a new organism with the same DNA as the original donor.

Gene editing, on the other hand, refers to techniques that alter specific genes within an organism’s genome, rather than creating a whole new organism. Transgenic organisms involve the incorporation of genes from one species into another, thereby introducing new genetic material rather than cloning the organism itself. Electroporation is a lab technique used to introduce DNA into cells by creating temporary pores in the cell membrane, but it does not relate to the creation of new organisms in the context of cloning. Therefore, whole organism cloning is the precise term that fits the description provided in the question.